Abstract: Investigations were conducted on structure and species diversity of Loropetalum subcordatum communities in Maolan National NatureReserve, Guizhou in October, 2015. The results showed that there were 142 species belonging to 60 families and 104 genera, dominated by Lauraceae,Theaceae, Moraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Rosaceae and Myrsinaceae. Analysis showed that 67.02% of genera of seed plants were tropicaldistribution, among them, 22.34% pantropic distribution. Species diversity analysis resulted that species richness index and species diversity was thehighest at shrub layer, and the lowest at herb layer. Evenness index was the highest at shrub layer and the lowest at tree layer. The investigationdemonstrated that L.subcordatum communities in Maolan National Nature Reserve had difficulties for natural regeneration was by fewer seedlings,indicating L.subcordatum would be regenerated by other broad leaf tree species. Suggestions were put forwarded such as thining and making gap inthe investigated communities for better conservationrate of seedlings.