Abstract: Canker (Botryosphaeria dothidea) is one of the major diseases to Carya cathayensis. In recent years, the disease occurred in the mainproducing areas, caused large reduction of the nut yield. Presentations were made on the occurrence characteristics of the disease, species ofpathogenic bacteria, impact factors and control measures. Analysis showed that isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria of canker haddifferent results, and it is difficult to control. Suggestions were offered such as studying pathogenesis of canker, taking comprehensive managementfor better tree health. Meanwhile, disease resistant trees are needed to be selected.