Abstract: Collection of wild Polygonatum cyrtonema resources were carried out in September and October of 2012 from provinces of Zhejiang,Hubei and Anhui. Rhizomes from 17 provenances were planted in Lishui, Zhejiang province in early November. Harvest of rhizome of P. cyrtonemafrom different provenance was implemented in November 2013 and 2014. Results showed that it had obvious difference of yield among provenances,and significant and extremely significant differences of polysaccharide content among them. Provenances of Zhejiang Qingyuan, Anhui Qingyang,Zhejiang Liandu, Zhejiang Anji had advantage of high-yield with growth rate of 150% 2 years after plantation. While polysaccharide content washigher in provenances of Zhejiang Panan, Zhejiang Jingning, Anhui Qingyang, more than 30%. Saponin content was higher in the rhizome fromprovenances of Zhejiang Liandu, Zhejiang Qingtian and Zhejiang Jingning, 6.26%, 5.40% and 5.27%. Zhejiang Jingning and Anhui Qingyang hadadvantages of higher yield and polysaccharide content.