Abstract: In May 2019, 3 typical sample plots were established by continuous grid quadratesin concentrated distribution area of Rhododendron feddeiin Leigongshan National Nature Reserve of Guizhou province for investigations.The results showed that population structure of Rh.feddeiwas likeirregular pyramid shape, the number of young and middle-aged individuals occupied 69.23% of the total ones, but the number of seedlings hadonly 11.54%,indicatinga downward trend.Survival curve was similar asDeevey-II type.The population number of Rh.feddei increased first and then decreased with the increase of ground diameter, while the individual survival number and individual life expectancy decreased with the increase of ground diameter.The curve of mortality and loss rate showed the same trend, decreased, increased, decreased and increased sharply.The curve of survival rate and cumulative mortality was complementary; the curve of death density showed a slow rise firstand thenslow downward.The danger rate curve hadslowly rising and downward, then rising sharply and declining sharply.Prediction of ground diameter structure ofRh.feddei in the nature reserve resulted that the normal regeneration would bedifficult to maintain.