Abstract: Main factors to influence geographical distribution of Phoebe zhennan were researched by MaxEnt model with application of contribution rate, substitution value, Jackknife test and principal component analysis. The result demonstrated that MaxEnt model predicting the potential suitable distribution area of Ph. zhennan had high accuracy, with area under curve of receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.995. The current suitable area (2019) prediction indicated the southeastern Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou, followed by Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Hubei. Jiangsu would have larger area for Ph. zhennan distribution with the change of precipitation in the year of 2050, but the suitable distribution would be reduced. The research concluded that temperature and precipitation was the main factors affecting the distribution of Ph. zhennan.