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刘苇, 邓朝义, 陈兴, 卢永成, 廖德胜. 大厂茶茶叶中游离氨基酸及挥发性芳香物质分析[J]. 浙江林业科技, 2021, 41(3): 1-14. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2021.03.001
引用本文: 刘苇, 邓朝义, 陈兴, 卢永成, 廖德胜. 大厂茶茶叶中游离氨基酸及挥发性芳香物质分析[J]. 浙江林业科技, 2021, 41(3): 1-14. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2021.03.001
LIU Wei, DENG Chao-yi, CHEN Xing, LU Yong-cheng, LIAO De-sheng. Determination of Free Amino Acid and Volatile Aromatic Compound in Camellia tachangensis[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology, 2021, 41(3): 1-14. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2021.03.001
Citation: LIU Wei, DENG Chao-yi, CHEN Xing, LU Yong-cheng, LIAO De-sheng. Determination of Free Amino Acid and Volatile Aromatic Compound in Camellia tachangensis[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology, 2021, 41(3): 1-14. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2021.03.001

大厂茶茶叶中游离氨基酸及挥发性芳香物质分析

Determination of Free Amino Acid and Volatile Aromatic Compound in Camellia tachangensis

  • 摘要: 大厂茶Camellia tachangensis是特产于滇黔桂交接地区的国家优质重点保护茶叶树种,也是黔西南州地方特色茶叶“普安红”的原料。本研究首次对黔西南州8株大厂茶野生茶树(Q1 ~ Q8)茶叶中的游离氨基酸(FAA)和挥发性芳香物质(VAC)进行测定和分析。结果表明,在8株大厂茶茶叶中共检测出25种FAA组分,其中Q7的FAA组分为24种,Q8的为23种,其余6株的茶叶中均为25种;25种FAA组分的平均含量为0.048 ~ 3.276 mg·g-1,变异系数为11.513% ~ 64.536%,差异较显著,说明8株大厂茶茶叶中的FAA组分的种类、含量及各组分之间都存在一定的差异和多样性;呈鲜甜味的FAA组分有12种,含量为5.913 ~ 13.529 mg·g-1,占FAA总量的56.853% ~ 71.872%,说明呈鲜甜味的组分可能是茶汤中鲜爽味及甜味的重要来源。8株大厂茶茶叶中的VAC的挥发规律基本一致,大部分VAC的保留时间在4 ~ 45 min,到117℃左右(保留时间24 min左右)挥发量达到最大值,说明在8株大厂茶茶叶中低沸点(200℃以下)的VAC含量占了绝大部分;共鉴定出VAC组分10类104种,以醇类、醛类为基础;主要呈香物质包括15种,通过单株比较,发现8株大厂茶茶叶中VAC组分的种类、含量、主要呈香物质含量和贡献率都存在一定的差异和多样性;在8株大厂茶茶叶中排名前十位的VAC组分含量的总和为64.582% ~ 76.107%,说明这10个组分的香气特征可能是大厂茶表现出花香味、果香味、木香味、青草气、脂肪香味的重要因素。本研究对茶叶中FAA和VAC的分析结果为大厂茶的优良品系选育、优质成茶加工原料筛选提供了基础数据。

     

    Abstract: Eight individuals of Camellia tachangensis were selected in Pu’an and Anlong Counties of Guizhou province for determination of component and content of free amino acid (FAA) and volatile aromatic compounds (VAC). The result showed that there were 25 compoents of FAA in C. tachangensis, with content of 0.048-3.276 mg/g, and the coefficient of variace from 11.513% to 64.536%. Twelve compounds of FAA were umami and sweet, with content of 5.913-13.529 mg/g, taking 56.853% -71.872% of the total. 104 types of 10 categories of VAC were identified, most of them were alcohols and aldehydes. 15 compounds of VAC had fragrant. The top ten VAC compounds content ranged from 64.582% to 76.107%.

     

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