不同仓储后熟处理对油茶鲜果果蒲性状与茶油品质的影响

葛永金; 曾海勇; 程亚平; 黄旭波; 张建; 胡秋涛

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2021.05.016

不同仓储后熟处理对油茶鲜果果蒲性状与茶油品质的影响

Effect of Different Storage Treatments on Character of Fresh Fruit of Camellia oleifera ‘Changlin 40’ and Oil Quality

摘要

摘要: 2019年10月24日，采集‘长林40号’油茶Camellia oleifera果，设置油茶鲜果不同仓储层高（10 cm、20 cm、30 cm）和仓储时间（5 d、10 d、15 d），测定油茶鲜果的开裂程度、霉变率、含水率和油茶籽的出油率、出油品质等指标，研究不同的仓储后熟处理方法对油茶鲜果脱壳效果和油茶籽出油品质的影响。结果表明，不同处理对油茶鲜果的开裂程度、霉变率及油茶籽的出油率均有较大的影响，但对油茶籽的含水率和出油品质的影响不大，其中仓储高度为10 cm、仓储时间为15 d时，油茶果蒲的未开率从未处理对照（CK）的73.3%显著下降至15%，半开率从CK的6.7%上升至26.7% ~ 35.0%，全开率则从CK的0上升至26.7% ~ 28.3%，果蒲霉变率为3.3%，但鲜籽均未发现霉斑，油茶籽出油率从CK的33.07%显著上升至40.49%。建议在生产实践中推广应用仓储高度为10 cm、仓储时间为15 d的油茶果蒲仓储后熟处理。

Abstract: On October 24th 2019, 30 Camellia oleifera ‘Changlin 40’ trees were selected from Qingyuan, Zhejiang province for harvesting fruits. Experiments were conducted on fruits treated by different storage height of tier-shelving and storage days, and determinations were implemented on cracking degree, moldy rate, moisture content, rate of oil production and oil quality of different treated fruits. The result demonstrated that cracking rate reached 26.7%-28.34%, moldy degree of 3.3, and rate of oil production of 40.49 of fruit treated by storage height of 10 cm with 15 days, while that of the control (no treatment) was respectively 0, 0 and 33.07%.

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