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钟国恒, 吕淼品. 杭州萧山国际机场百灵科鸟类活动规律及防范效果分析[J]. 浙江林业科技, 2021, 41(5): 104-109. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2021.05.018
引用本文: 钟国恒, 吕淼品. 杭州萧山国际机场百灵科鸟类活动规律及防范效果分析[J]. 浙江林业科技, 2021, 41(5): 104-109. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2021.05.018
ZHONG Guo-heng, LU Miao-pin. Bird Activity and Comprehensive Prevention in Hangzhou International Airport[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology, 2021, 41(5): 104-109. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2021.05.018
Citation: ZHONG Guo-heng, LU Miao-pin. Bird Activity and Comprehensive Prevention in Hangzhou International Airport[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology, 2021, 41(5): 104-109. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2021.05.018

杭州萧山国际机场百灵科鸟类活动规律及防范效果分析

Bird Activity and Comprehensive Prevention in Hangzhou International Airport

  • 摘要: 云雀Alauda arvensis及小云雀A. gulgula是杭州萧山国际机场常见的两种百灵科Alaudidae鸟类。文章分析了两种鸟类在机场飞行区内的活动规律以及栖息生境、食物、繁殖空间等因素对其活动的影响。结果表明,杭州萧山国际机场土面区并非留鸟的繁殖场所;受鸟类迁徙及小型雀形目Passeriformes鸟类集群越冬习性的影响,每年9月,飞行区内云雀、小云雀数量迅速增加,10月至次年3月为其活动高峰期。两种鸟类均为杂食性,在冬季至夏初主要以植物食源为食,而夏末至秋季则转变为主食草坪中的鳞翅目Lepidoptera昆虫幼虫。2017—2019年,机场飞行区内云雀和小云雀活动总数量呈逐年增多的趋势,机场飞行区外部栖息环境减少及飞行区内部草坪充足的食物是百灵科鸟类数量增加的主要原因。为此,从2019年开始,从侵扰鸟类栖息环境、减少鸟类食源的角度,制定草种筛选、割草灭虫、设备驱赶与网捕、人工机动驱防等策略,帮助减少两种百灵科鸟类在飞行区内的活动频次、降低机场鸟击风险。通过以上防鸟措施,机场内百灵科鸟类防范措施取得了良好成效。

     

    Abstract: Skylark During 2017 and 2010, observations were carried out on frequency, duration and area of Alauda arvensis and A. gulgula in Hangzhou International Airport. During April to September 2020, investigation was implemented on breeding of Alauda arvensis and A. gulgula. The results showed that the lawn area in the Airport was not breeding grounds for resident birds. Number of Alauda arvensis and A. gulgula in airfield area increased rapidly from September to March of the next year. The two species are both omnivorous. From winter to early summer of the next year, they mainly feed on plants, while from late summer to autumn they mainly feed on larvae of Lepidoptera. From 2017 to 2019, the total number of Alauda arvensis and A. gulgula increased. Therefore comprehensive prevention measures were took such as changing of lawn species, mowing and pest control, equipment driving, etc.

     

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