Abstract: Presentation was made on achievements of researches on the conservation biology of Emmenopterys henryi in the past 40 years in terms of biology, ecology, physiological characteristics, genetic diversity, and breeding techniques. It demonstrated that there was still challenges in the research on flower bud differentiation, male and female gametophyte and embryo development of E. henryi, as well as on the interspecific relationship between E. henryi and other species. Propositions were put forwarded to better protection of the rare species by large-scale permanent sample plots monitoring with different research methods.