Abstract: Based on relevant literatures, specimen in different herbarium in different cities in China and other countries and field investigations during 2017 and 2018 in Yunnan, Hubei, Taiwan, and Japan and South Korea, taxonomy of Prunus subg. Cerasus was discussed on achievement of molecular biology, and the distribution of wild resources was described. There were about 55 species of Cerasus, 8 geographical distribution patterns and probable 2 species diversity centers in the world.