香榧加工前处理技术及含水率分析

曹雯; 肖庆来; 叶晓明; 张深梅; 叶卫军; 涂川林; 朱旭黎; 喻卫武; 李杰峰

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2022.06.012

香榧加工前处理技术及含水率分析

Presentation on Pretreatment Techniques and Moisture Content of Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’ Seed

摘要

摘要: 为了让香榧Torreya grandis ‘ Merrillii’ 种植户了解和掌握香榧加工前处理技术，提高种植户的经济效益和香榧产品的加工质量，笔者通过走访诸暨、嵊州等香榧主产区，学习总结香榧采收、脱蒲、堆制后熟、清洗、晾晒等技术经验，并对香榧堆制过程中单宁的变化规律及堆制处理后种仁的含水率进行测定分析，总结出一套行之有效的香榧加工前处理技术要点。研究结果表明：在堆制后熟过程中，种衣及种仁的可溶性单宁均呈现下降趋势，在堆制后期，种仁单宁含量稳定在3 ~ 4 mg·g-1；不同厂家处理后的香榧种仁含水率存在较大差异，利用称量法测得的含水率为7.8 % ~ 17.8 %，最高含水率为最低含水率的2.28 倍，平均含水率为11.9%，变异系数为21.7%；采用LDS-1G 谷物水分测定仪测得的含水率在5.0 % ~ 13.8 %，所得数值低于称量法，但变化趋势一致，且两者具有强正相关关系，用LDS-1G 谷物水分测定仪测定香榧种仁的含水率，重现性良好，重复间变异系数均趋于0.01。因此，LDS-1G 谷物水分测定仪可适用于香榧加工前种仁含水率的快速测定。

Abstract: Presentation was made on the best pretreatment techniques of Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’ seeds, such as harvesting, husking, composting, cleaning and drying. Determinations were implemented on tannin and moisture content in kernel during the process of seed composting. The results showed that the soluble tannin content in seed coat and kernel decreased with the duration of postripening, and about 3-4 mg/g by the end of postripening. There had great differences of the moisture content of kernels provided by different manufacturers. The moisture content measured by weighing method was 7.8%-17.8%, while 5.0%-13.8% by moisture tester, lower than that by weighing method, but with similar trend. Moisture tester had good repeatibility, and the coefficient of variation between repetitions tended to 0.01.

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