Effects of Phyllostachys edulis Invasion on Soil Bacterial Community Structure in Cunninghamia lanceolata Forest
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摘要:目的
分析毛竹Phyllostachys edulis入侵杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata林后的细菌群落结构特征,揭示毛竹入侵杉木林对土壤细菌群落结构与林分及土壤环境因子之间的关系。
方法采用高通量测序技术分析毛竹入侵杉木林后土壤细菌群落结构及其与土壤理化因子的相关关系。
结果3种林型土壤共获得36门108纲241目354科552属2 939个OTU土壤细菌。3种林型土壤中的优势菌门为酸杆菌门Acidobacteria、变形菌门Proteobacteria和绿弯菌门Chloroflexi,3个菌门的相对丰度占总量的71.15%~76.07%。杉木纯林和杉木毛竹混交林土壤酸杆菌门的相对丰度显著高于毛竹纯林土壤酸杆菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05),毛竹纯林和杉木毛竹混交林土壤中变形菌门的相对丰度显著高于杉木纯林土壤中变形菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05),杉木纯林土壤中绿弯菌门的相对丰度显著高于毛竹纯林土壤中绿弯菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05)。从3种林型中鉴别出的相对丰度均大于1%的细菌纲为酸杆菌纲Acidobacteriae、α-变形菌纲Alphaproteobacteria、纤线杆菌纲Ktedonobacteria、浮霉菌纲Planctomycetes、γ-变形菌纲Gammaproteobacteria、放线菌纲Actinobacteria、嗜热油菌纲Thermoleophilia、Vicinamibacteria和酸微菌纲Acidimicrobiia。优势菌纲为酸杆菌纲和α-变形菌纲。3种林型中鉴别出的相对丰度在1%以上的细菌属为HSB_OF53-F07、热酸菌属Acidothermus、念珠菌固体杆菌属Candidatus_Solibacter、酸杆菌属Acidibacter、Bryobacter和慢生根瘤菌属Bradyrhizobium。优势菌属和土壤环境因子的Spearman相关性分析表明,土壤含水率和有效磷含量是影响土壤细菌群落的主要因子。
结论毛竹入侵杉木林后对土壤细菌群落有显著影响,杉木毛竹混交林和毛竹纯林土壤中单独出现的非优势菌属可为研究毛竹入侵杉木林过程中土壤细菌群落的变化提供重要参考。
Abstract:ObjectiveThis paper aims to elucidate the impacts of soil bacterial community structure after Phyllostachys edulis invaded Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, and reveals the relationship between bacterial community diversity and structure and forest types as well as soil environment factors.
MethodIllumina MiSeq high throughput sequencing and OTU analysis were used to assess the soil bacterial community structure and its correlation with soil physical and chemical factors in Cunninghamia lanceolata forest invaded by Phyllostachys edulis (CP) to compare with that in Phyllostachys edulis forest (PF) and Cunninghamia lanceolata forest (CF).
ResultA total of
2939 OTU soil bacteria of 36 phyla, 108 classes, 241 orders, 354 families, 552 genera were obtained from this 3 forest stand samples, among them Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi were the predominant bacterial phyla, accounting for 71.15%-76.07%. The relative abundance of Acidobacteria in CF and CP was significantly higher than that in PF(P<0.05), the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in CF was significantly lower than that in other two forests, the relative abundance of Chloroflexi in CF was significantly higher than that in PF. The bacteria with relative abundance of more than 1% identified in the 3 forest sample plots are: Acidobacteriia, Alphaproteobacteria, Ktedonobacteria, Planctomycetes, Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Thermoleophilia, Vicinamibacteria and Acidimicrobiia, Acidobacteriia and Alphaproteobacteria are two dominant classes. The bacterial genera with relative abundance of more than 1% identified in the 3 forests are: HSB_OF53-F07, Acidothermus, Candidatus Solibacter, Acidobacterium, Bryobacter and Bradyrhizobium. Spearman correlation analysis between dominant bacterial genera and soil environmental factors showed that, soil water content and available phosphorus are the main factors affecting soil bacterial community.ConclusionThe invasion of Phyllostachys edulis into the Cunninghamia lanceolata forest has a significant impact on the soil bacterial community. The non-dominant bacteria isolated from the CP and the PF can provide an important reference for studying the changes of bacterial community during this intrusion process.
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表 1 3种林型土壤理化性质
Table 1 3 forest types of soil physicochemical properties
林型 全氮/
(g·kg−1)全磷/
(g·kg−1)全钾/
(g·kg−1)碱解氮/
(mg·kg−1)有效磷/
(mg·kg−1)速效钾/
(mg·kg−1)有机质/
(g·kg−1)pH值 含水率/
%杉木纯林 4.28±0.45 a 2.14±0.22 a 15.93±0.57 a 159.07±8.80 a 0.81±0.18 b 84.67±8.39 a 108.54±11.35 a 4.48±0.16 a 79.28±5.42 a 毛竹纯林 4.06±0.78 a 1.02±0.20 b 16.07±0.88 a 155.24±25.06 a 1.18±0.04 a 95.00±6.08 a 103.83±19.36 a 4.85±0.29 a 61.98±9.63 b 杉木毛竹混交林 2.75±0.26 b 0.46±0.04 c 15.21±0.34 a 113.72±7.44 b 0.89±0.05 b 58.33±6.11 b 73.15±8.13 b 4.76±0.13 a 61.78±4.10 b 注:表中数据为平均值±标准差(n=3),同一列中不同小写字母表示在0.05水平下具有显著差异(P<0.05);下同。 表 2 3种林型土壤细菌群落α多样性指数
Table 2 Diversity indies for soil bacteria communities in 3 forest types
林型 Shannon 指数 Ace指数 Chao1指数 Simpson指数 Coverage指数 杉木纯林 5.63±0.12b 2 065.97±120.96a 2 056.31±124.53a 0.055±0.005ab 0.993±0.001a 毛竹纯林 5.82±0.05a 2 249.03±30.98a 2 234.87±43.61a 0.055±0.002a 0.993±0.000a 杉木毛竹混交林 5.58±0.10b 2 121.73±123.16a 2 121.62±141.02a 0.047±0.005b 0.993±0.001a 表 3 不同林型土壤细菌优势门、纲和属的相对丰度
Table 3 The relative abundances of dominant bacteria at phylum, class and genus level
林型 门水平下优势细菌的相对丰度/% 酸杆菌门 变形菌门 绿弯菌门 放线菌门 浮霉菌门 RCP2-54 Myxococcota 杉木纯林 (33.23±1.48)a (23.84±2.93)b (16.74±1.63)a (6.08±0.36)b (5.97±0.27)b (3.22±0.12)a (1.60±0.25)ab 毛竹纯林 (28.94±0.94)b (31.51±2.13)a (10.70±1.76)b (8.96±1.52)a (7.59±0.82)a (1.88±0.05)c (2.07±0.40)a 杉木毛竹混交林 (34.05±1.51)a (29.70±3.21)a (12.31±3.56)ab (5.49±0.60)b (6.47±0.84)ab (2.53±0.33)b (1.30±0.24)b 林型 纲水平下优势细菌的相对丰度/% 酸杆菌纲 α-变形菌纲 纤线杆菌纲 浮霉菌纲 γ-变形菌纲 放线菌纲 嗜热油菌纲 Vicinamibacteria 酸微菌纲 杉木纯林 (30.66±1.43)a (18.87±2.06)b (13.47±1.34)a (5.53±0.32)b (4.98±0.89)b (3.19±0.71)b (1.69±0.43)ab (1.31±0.11)a (1.19±0.41)a 毛竹纯林 (25.63±0.95)b (23.55±1.97)a (7.50±1.16)b (7.09±0.82)a (7.95±0.78)a (4.84±0.56)a (2.56±0.69)a (1.66±0.14)a (1.54±0.35)a 杉木毛竹
混交林(31.54±1.08)a (24.39±2.77)a (9.68±3.04)ab (6.03±0.79)ab (5.31±0.47)b (3.09±0.62)b (1.33±0.19)b (1.43±0.29)a (1.04±0.19)a 林型 属水平下优势细菌的相对丰度/% HSB_OF53-F07 热酸菌属 念珠菌固体杆菌属 酸杆菌属 Bryobacter 慢生根瘤菌属 杉木纯林 (5.27±0.33)a (2.36±0.58)a (2.15±0.23)a (2.06±0.47)a (1.18±0.25)a (0.62±0.18)b 毛竹纯林 (2.32±0.49)b (2.60±0.18)a (2.38±0.51)a (2.49±0.30)a (1.12±0.27)a (1.85±0.23)a 杉木毛竹混交林 (3.84±1.41)ab (2.39±0.51)a (2.47±0.57)a (2.10±0.29)a (1.71±0.78)a (1.28±0.47)a -
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