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‘蓝天使’冬青杂种胚培养与子代表型变异分析

Application of the Embryo Culture in Vitro in Cross Breeding of Ilex × meserveae ‘Blue Angel’

  • 摘要: 冬青属Ilex植物种质资源丰富,在园林绿化中广泛应用。然而,其种子萌发需2~3 a,十分不利于育种工作的开展。为有效缩短冬青属植物的杂交育种周期,提高种子萌发率,本研究以‘蓝天使’冬青I. × meserveae ‘Blue Angel’为母本,3个中国冬青野生种和3个欧洲冬青种(品种)为父本开展人工杂交和不同杂交种子胚培养研究。结果表明:(1)最适合‘蓝天使’冬青离体胚培养的启动培养基是MS培养基;(2)‘蓝天使’冬青与3个中国冬青野生种杂交的坐果率(9.75% ~ 17.16%)低于与3个欧洲冬青种(品种)杂交的坐果率(20.27 %~ 53.30%);(3)离体胚培养可缩短冬青种子萌发时间1 ~ 2 a;(4)杂交后代性状与母本‘蓝天使’冬青性状较为接近。本研究不仅为‘蓝天使’冬青种质创制提供技术指导,更为冬青属杂交育种中的胚培养技术研究提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Ilex has rich plant germplasm resources and has been widely planted in landscaping. However, it takes 2~3 years for the seeds to germinate, which is not conducive to breeding. In order to shorten the hybrid breeding cycle of Ilex and improve the seed germination rate, I. × meserveae 'Blue Angel' was chosen as the female parent and 6 Ilex species (varieties) were chosen as the male parent for artificial hybridization. The embryos of different hybrid seeds were cultured in vitro. The results showed that: (1) MS medium was the most suitable starting medium for embryo cultures in vitro of I. × meserveae ‘Blue Angel’. (2) The fruit setting rates of I. × meserveae ‘Blue Angel’ crossed with 3 Chinese wild Ilex species were lower (9.75% ~ 17.16%) than those with 3 European Ilex species (varieties) (20.27% ~ 53.30%). (3) The embryo culture in vitro was an effective method to shorten the germination time of Ilex seeds by 1 ~ 2 years. (4) The traits of the hybrid offspring are similar to those of the mother I. × meserveae 'Blue Angel'. This study not only provided technical guidance for the creation of I. × meserveae ‘Blue Angel’ germplasm, but also provided reference for the research of embryo culture technology in the cross breeding of Ilex.

     

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