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松材线虫入侵对马尾松纯林群落碳储量的影响

Impact of Invasion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus on Carbon Storage of Pinus massoniana Pure Forests

  • 摘要: 松材线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus作为外来入侵物种,其入侵后会对马尾松Pinus massoniana林生物多样性与生态系统固碳能力造成巨大的影响。本研究以感染松材线虫病4 a和染病8 a马尾松林为研究对象,以健康马尾松林和常绿阔叶林作为对照,探究松材线虫入侵后马尾松群落碳储量的变化模式。结果发现:健康马尾松林碳储量最大,显著高于其他3种森林群落(P<0.05),常绿阔叶林次之,之后依次为染病4 a和染病8 a马尾松林,且后两者的碳储量显著小于常绿阔叶林(P<0.05);在碳储量年增长量方面,健康马尾松林最大,显著高于其他3种森林群落(P<0.05),然后依次为染病4 a马尾松林、常绿阔叶林,但二者间差异不显著,染病8 a马尾松林最小,且显著小于其他3种森林群落(P<0.05);碳储量相对增长率方面,染病8 a马尾松林显著大于其他3种森林群落(P<0.05),其次为染病4 a马尾松林,且显著大于健康马尾松林和常绿阔叶林(P<0.05),然后依次为健康马尾松林、常绿阔叶林。同时,松材线虫的入侵会使得马尾松群落树种碳储量分布均匀化,松林加速向常绿阔叶林的方向演替,并可能通过增加土壤全氮含量促进碳储量相对增长率的增大。

     

    Abstract: As an alien invasive species, Bursaphelenchus xylophlius has a great impact on the biodiversity and carbon sequestration capacity of Pinus massoniana forests. In this study, P. massoniana forests infected by B. xylophlius for 4 years and 8 years were chosen as the research objects, and uninfected P. massoniana forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest were used as control groups, aiming to explore the change pattern of carbon storage of such P. massoniana forests. Results are presented as follows: the carbon storage of uninfected P. massoniana forests was the largest, surpassing the remaining (P<0.05), followed by that of the evergreen broad-leaved forest which was much greater than those of 4-year and 8-year infected P. massoniana forests. The annual increment of carbon storage for the uninfected P. massoniana forest was the largest, ranking above the remaining obviously (P<0.05), followed successively by those of the 4-year infected P. massoniana forest and the evergreen broad-leaved forest with no significant difference. The annual increment of the 8-year infected P. massoniana forest was the smallest, which is significantly less than the others. The relative growth rate of carbon storage of the 8-year infected P. massoniana forest exceeded the remaining obviously (P<0.05), which was higher than those of the 4-year infected P. massoniana forest, the uninfected and evergreen broad-leaved forests successively. Simultaneously, the invasion of B. xylophilus would result in the distribution homogenization of carbon storage for species in P. massoniana forests, the accelerative succession to evergreen broad-leaved forest and the augmentation of the relative growth rate of carbon storage probably by the increase of soil total nitrogen content.

     

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