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野生鼠茅草主要农艺性状分析与综合评价

Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Main Agronomic Traits in Wild Vulpia myuros

  • 摘要: 为筛选鼠茅草Vulpia myuros优良种质,对来源于浙江不同地区的25份野生鼠茅草资源进行生长特性和主要农艺性状的分析与综合评价。试验结果表明:25份种质的出苗期、分蘖期基本一致,但返青期、拔节期、抽穗期、完熟期、枯黄期差异明显,返青期最早的种质为3号和13号种质,最迟的种质为1号和2号种质;生长周期最长的种质为22号种质,达91 d,其次为3号种质,为87 d,生长周期最短的种质为1号和2号种质,仅64 d;8个主要农艺性状的变异系数在9.84%~23.70%,其中变异系数最大的性状为种子产量,达23.70%,变异系数大于15%的性状有花序长度、鲜草产量、叶片长度、干草产量等,变异系数最小的性状是叶层高度;除植株高度外,鼠茅草不同种质的其他7个农艺性状均存在极显著差异(P<0.01);鼠茅草种子产量、鲜草产量分别与叶片长度、生长天数呈较强正相关,而与花序长度呈显著负相关;根据主成分分析和综合评价,丽水云和的3号种质评分最高,其次为宁波余姚的18号种质和湖州长兴的22号种质。本研究结果可为鼠茅草优良种质的筛选提供科学依据。

     

    Abstract: To screen excellent germplasm of Vulpia myuros, the growth characteristics and main agronomic traits of 25 wild germplasms from different regions of Zhejiang were analyzed and comprehensively evaluated. The results revealed that the emergence and tillering stages of 25 germplasms were basically consistent, while there were significant differences in the regreening, jointing, heading, full maturity and withering stages. Regreening of germplasms No. 3 and No. 13 occurred earliest, that of No. 1 and No. 2 arose lastest, and No. 22 had the longest growth cycle for 91 days, followed by No. 3 for 87 days, while the shortest cycle was observed in No. 1 and No. 2, lasting only 64 days. The coefficients of variation of 8 main agronomic traits ranged from 9.84% to 23.70%, the largest of which was the seed yield, reaching 23.70%, while the smallest of which was the leaf layer height. Traits with coefficients of variation exceeding 15% were inflorescence length, fresh forage yield, leaf length, and dry forage yield. Except for plant height, the other 7 agronomic traits of different germplasms showed highly significant differences(P<0.01).The seed yield and fresh forage yield were significantly positively correlated with leaf length and growth days, but were significantly negatively correlated with inflorescence length. According to the principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation, germplasm No. 3 from Yunhe, Lishui had the highest score, followed by No. 18 from Yuyao, Ningbo and No. 22 from Changxing, Huzhou. The results can provide a scientific basis for the screening of excellent germplasm of V. myuros.

     

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