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基于森林生态采伐的黄腹角雉栖息地修复效果调查

Effect Investigation of Habitat Restoration for Tragopan caboti Based on Forest Ecological Logging

  • 摘要: 为探索黄腹角雉(Tragopan caboti)栖息地修复的有效途径,浙江省泰顺县乌岩岭林场于20世纪90年代对黄腹角雉分布区内的柳杉(Cryptomeria fortunei)林按照低强度疏伐、中强度疏伐、高强度择伐与全面择伐4种强度开展了生态采伐,伐后植被最低覆盖度保持在0.3以上。历经30多年自然演替,2023年通过样地调查分析了各采伐区域的乔木树种重要值、物种多样性指数与地带性植被的相似性指数等群落特征;2024年采用红外相机对各改造区及阔叶林对照区黄腹角雉的出现频率进行监测,以评估黄腹角雉栖息地修复状况。结果显示:①群落后期的阔叶树种重要值、物种多样性指数(丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Wiener-Sannon指数)与地带性植被的相似性指数都随着前期采伐强度加大而提升,这说明生态采伐促进了群落向亚热带地带性植被常绿阔叶林回归演替,且该促进作用随着采伐强度增强而加大。②高强度择伐区域黄腹角雉发现频率比其他采伐区域及阔叶林对照区都高,表明柳杉林经高强度择伐后所形成的针阔混交林植被环境最适合于黄腹角雉生存。

     

    Abstract: To explore effective approaches for Tragopan caboti habitat restoration, Wuyanling Forest Farm in Taishun County, Zhejiang Province, conducted ecological logging in Cryptomeria fortunei forests within the distribution area of T. caboti in the 1990s at four intensities(low-intensity thinning, medium-intensity thinning, high-intensity selective cutting, and overall selective cutting). After logging, the minimum vegetation coverage was maintained above 0.3. After more than 30-year natural succession, in 2023, plot surveys were conducted to analyze community characteristics including the importance values of tree species, species diversity indices and similarity indices to zonal vegetation. In 2024, infrared camera traps were used to monitor the occurrence frequency of T. caboti in the logged areas and the broad-leaved forest( the control) for the evaluation of habitat restoration. The results showed that: (1) the importance values of broad-leaved tree species in the late-successional community, species diversity indices (Richness index, Simpson index, and Shannon-Wiener index) and similarity indices to zonal vegetation all increased with the initial increasing logging intensity, indicating that the ecological logging promoted the successional restoration of the community toward the subtropical zonal vegetation( i.e., evergreen broad-leaved forest), and this effect increased with the rising of logging intensity. (2) The occurrence frequency of T. caboti in the high-intensity selective logging area was higher than those in the other logging areas and the control, indicating that the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest vegetation environment formed by high-intensity selective cutting of C. fortunei forests was the most suitable for survival of T. caboti.

     

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