Soil Fertility Evaluation of Phyllostachys praecox cv. prevernalis Stand in Yuhang and Countermeasures
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摘要: 2013年7-8月,在杭州市余杭区雷竹(Phyllostachys praecox cv. prevernalis)林产区共设置了292个样地,对其土壤样品进行分析,研究长期覆盖及重施肥对雷竹林地土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,土壤有机质平均含量为32.06 g/kg,碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾平均含量分别为167.12、111.61和206.99 mg/kg;碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量很丰富的林地分别占51.4%、62.5%和40.7%;平均pH值为5.0,其中强酸性(pH < 4.6)的占34.7%;土壤pH值与4个肥力指标间呈负相关关系,其中与碱解氮、有效磷达极显著水平(P < 0.01),土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾4个指标两两间均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);高含量的氮、磷、钾和土壤酸化导致林地养分不平衡,影响雷竹生长,存在面源污染风险。建议雷竹林经营过程中使用配方施肥技术,平衡土壤养分,适量施用石灰,减轻土壤酸化。Abstract: 292 sample plots were established in July and August of 2013 in Phyllostachys praecox cv. prevernalis stands with mulching and fertilization in Yuhang, Zhejiang province for determination of soil fertilities. The result demonstrated that mean soil organic matter reached 32.06 g/kg, mean alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen, available phosphorous and available potassium had respectively 167.12, 111.61, 206.99 mg/kg. The result also showed that 51.4%, 62.5% and 40.7% of tested soil had first grade content of alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen, available phosphorous and available potassium. Mean soil pH was 5.0, 34.7% of tested soil was less than 4.6. Soil pH had negative relationship with determined soil fertility index, especially significant (P<0.01) with of alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen and available phosphorous. Moreover, there were significant positive correlations (P<0.01) with either two of the four fertility index. Directive fertilization and lime application was recommended for balance of fertility, decrease of soil acidification and diffused pollution.
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