Active Ingredients and Antioxidant Activity of Polygonatum spp. Rhizome with 11 Geographical Indications

In October and November 2022, fresh rhizomes of 5-year bionic cultivated Polygonatum sibiricum, P. cyrtonema and P. kingianum with 11 geographical indications from Auhui, Hunan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Yunnan and Heilongjiang provinces. Determinations were implemented on active ingredients like total polysaccharides, total flavonoids, total saponins, total phenols. The antioxidant activities of each samples were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging capacity, ABTS free radical scavenging ability and FRAP. Relationship between antioxidant substances and antioxidant activity of Polygonatum rhizome was analyzed by correlation, cluster, and principal component analyses. The results showed that there were significant relation between antioxidant substances and antioxidant activity (P<0.05) of the the most of samples, except few ones (P>0.05). The samples from Tai’an of Shangdong had the best effect of ABTS radical scavenging rate and FRAP iron ion reduction ability, that from Chizhou of Anhui had the best DPPH free radical scavenging rate. Total phenols, total flavonoids, reducing sugars and total saponins were important factors affecting the antioxidant activity. The result demonstrated that the comprehensive scores of Polygonatum rhizomes from Huaihua of Hunan, Qiyang of Hunan, Quzhou of Zhejiang, Hanzhong of Shaanxi, Yiyang of Hunan, Tai’an of Shangdong Taishan Polygonati Rhizome were better.