Effects of Silkworm excrement Organic Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Phyllostachys violascens ‘Prevernalis’ Shoots

In order to investigate the effect of organic fertilizer from silkworm excrement on the yield and quality of Phyllostachys violascens ‘Prevernalis’ shoots, this study compared different fertilization rates of silkworm excrement organic fertilizers (CK: no fertilizer; T1: low, 7500 kg·hm⁻²; T2: medium, 15000 kg·hm⁻²; T3: high, 22500 kg·hm⁻²). The findings aim to provide a reference for the scientific and efficient management of P. violascens ‘Prevernalis’ forests and the production of high-quality P. violascens ‘Prevernalis’ shoots. The results showed that the fertilization rates of the three types of silkworm excrement organic fertilizers had a significant impact on the yield and quality of P. violascens ‘Prevernalis’ shoots. Compared with CK, the application of these fertilizers significantly increased the yield of P. violascens ‘Prevernalis’ shoots by 1.44, 1.54, and 1.87 times, respectively. Moreover, the application of the fertilizers significantly increased the content of protein, total flavonoids, vitamin C, and total amino acids, as well as the content and proportion of umami amino acids in the bamboo shoots, thereby improving their nutritional composition. Additionally, the fertilizers significantly reduced the content and proportion of soluble sugars, lignin, cellulose, and bitter amino acids. Low and medium amounts of silkworm excrement organic fertilizer treatments significantly reduced the tannin content in bamboo shoots, while medium and high amounts significantly reduced the oxalic acid content, reducing the acidity and roughness of the bamboo shoots and improving their palatability. Therefore, an appropriate amount of silkworm excrement organic fertilizer can promote yield increase and quality improvement of bamboo shoots.