Identification and Genetic Diversity of Cultivated Morchella spp.

41 cultivated cultivated Morchella spp. germplasms were bought from domestic markets of 7 provinces of China. Identification was carried out by multi gene joint matrix sequences, and genetic diversity was analyzed by ISSR molecular marker with morphological indicators. The results showed that phylogenetic tree based on multiple gene sequences clustered 41 strains into two branches, 39 strains from different provinces clustered into one branch with M. sextellata, and the remaining 2 strains clustered with M. importuna. Ten ISSR primers amplified 62 bands, with polymorphism ratio of 85.48%. The number of effective alleles (Ne) was 1.372 2, the gene diversity index was 0.241 3, and the Shannon's information index was 0.386 7. There was no clear correlation in genetic differentiation coefficient, genetic distance among different provinces. Population structure analysis and principal component analysis also showed that the correlation with geographical location was not significant. Principal component analysis demonstrated the same relation. 37 stains of the total 41 ones had a Q value ≥ 0.6, indicating that most of the tested strains had a relatively single kinship. Based on phenotypic traits and ISSR clustering, the test strains could be divided into 5 groups, and there were a litter differences in the clustering results between morphological markers and ISSR markers in some stains.41 cultivated Morchella spp. germplasms were bought from domestic markets of 7 provinces of China. Identification was carried out by multi gene joint matrix sequences, and genetic diversity was analyzed by ISSR molecular marker with morphological indicators. The results showed that phylogenetic tree based on multiple gene sequences clustered 41 strains into two branches, 39 strains from different provinces clustered into one branch with M. sextellata, and the remaining 2 strains clustered with M. importuna. Ten ISSR primers amplified 62 bands, with polymorphism ratio of 85.48%. The number of effective alleles (Ne) was 1.372 2, the gene diversity index was 0.241 3, and the Shannon's information index was 0.386 7. There was no clear correlation in genetic differentiation coefficient, genetic distance among different provinces. Population structure analysis and principal component analysis also showed that the correlation with geographical location was not significant. Principal component analysis demonstrated the same relation. 37 stains of the total 41 ones had a Q value ≥ 0.6, indicating that most of the tested strains had a relatively single kinship. Based on phenotypic traits and ISSR clustering, the test strains could be divided into 5 groups, and there were a litter differences in the clustering results between morphological markers and ISSR markers in some stains.